GDP growth in the past 10 years:

• Japan’s GDP growth rate has been relatively low, with an average annual growth rate of 0.8% in the past 10 years.
• Compared with China and the US, Japan’s GDP growth rate has been lower, while compared with Europe, it has been similar.

Inflation trend in the past 10 years, and major monetary policy:

• Japan has experienced low inflation over the past decade, with an average annual inflation rate of 0.4%.
• The Bank of Japan has implemented various monetary policies, including quantitative easing and negative interest rates, to stimulate the economy and combat deflation.
• Compared with China, Japan’s inflation rate has been lower, while compared with the US and Europe, it has been similar.

Unemployment rate trend in the past 10 years:

• Japan’s unemployment rate has been relatively low, with an average annual unemployment rate of 2.9% in the past 10 years.
• The major indicator for Japan’s low unemployment rate is its strict labor laws, which make it difficult for companies to lay off employees.
• Compared with China and the US, Japan’s unemployment rate has been lower, while compared with Europe, it has been similar.

Wage growth trend in the past 10 years:

• Japan’s wage growth has been relatively low, with an average annual growth rate of 0.3% in the past 10 years.
• The major indicator for Japan’s low wage growth is its aging population, which has resulted in a shrinking workforce and increased competition for jobs.
• Compared with China and the US, Japan’s wage growth has been lower, while compared with Europe, it has been similar.

Housing market:

• Japan’s housing market has been relatively stable, with modest price increases in recent years.
• The major indicator for Japan’s stable housing market is its population decline, which has resulted in a decreased demand for housing.
• Compared with China, the US, and Europe, Japan’s housing market has been less volatile.

Top 3 component of the GDP:

• Private consumption: $2,480 billion, 55% of GDP
• Gross capital formation: $991 billion, 22% of GDP
• Government consumption: $741 billion, 16% of GDP
• Compared with China, Japan’s private consumption and government consumption as a percentage of GDP are higher, while gross capital formation is lower. Compared with the US and Europe, Japan’s private consumption and government consumption as a percentage of GDP are similar, while gross capital formation is lower.

Balance of trade trend:

• Japan has consistently had a trade surplus in the past 10 years, with an average annual surplus of $138 billion.
• Compared with China, Japan’s trade surplus has been smaller, while compared with the US and Europe, it has been larger.

Top 10 import:

• Mineral fuels including oil: $175 billion, mainly from the Middle East, Russia, and Australia
• Electrical machinery and equipment: $108 billion, mainly from China, the US, and Asia
• Machinery including computers: $52 billion, mainly from China, the US, and Asia
• Vehicles other than railway or tramway: $42 billion, mainly from the US, Europe, and Asia
• Plastics: $32 billion, mainly from China, South Korea, and Asia
• Organic chemicals: $27 billion, mainly from China, the US, and Asia
• Iron and steel: $23 billion, mainly from China and Asia
• Optical, photographic, cinematographic apparatus: $21 billion, mainly from China, the US, and Asia
• Articles of apparel and clothing accessories: $18 billion, mainly from China, Vietnam, and Asia
• Miscellaneous chemical products: $16 billion, mainly from China, the US, and Asia

Top 10 export:

• Motor vehicles: $146 billion, mainly to the US, Europe, and Asia
• Electrical machinery and equipment: $106 billion, mainly to China, the US, and Asia
• Machinery including computers: $63 billion, mainly to China, the US, and Asia
• Iron and steel: $22 billion, mainly to Asia and the US
• Plastics: $18 billion, mainly to Asia and the US
• Organic chemicals: $16 billion, mainly to Asia and the US
• Medical, surgical, and scientific instruments: $16 billion, mainly to Asia and the US
• Optical, photographic, cinematographic apparatus: $15 billion, mainly to Asia and the US
• Articles of apparel and clothing accessories: $13 billion, mainly to Asia and the US
• Iron or steel products: $12 billion, mainly to Asia and the US

Top 3 natural resources of the country, and major product of these resources:

• Forests: major product is timber
• Fish: major product is seafood
• Minerals: major products include coal, copper, and iron ore

Top 3 political risk in the past 10 years:

• Aging population: Japan has one of the oldest populations in the world, which has resulted in a shrinking workforce and increased demand for social services.
• Natural disasters: Japan is prone to earthquakes, tsunamis, and typhoons, which can cause significant damage to the economy and infrastructure.
• Relations with neighbors: Japan has had disputes with its neighbors, including China and South Korea, over territory and historical issues.

The geopolitical relationship with US, Europe, and China:

• Japan has strong economic and political ties with the US, as evidenced by their close military alliance and trade relationship.
• Japan also has close economic ties with Europe, with the EU being its third-largest trading partner after the US and China.
• Japan has a complex relationship with China, with economic ties being strong but political tensions existing over territorial disputes and historical issues.